Estimating the impact of temperature and air pollution on cardiopulmonary and diabetic health during the TORONTO 2015 Pan Am/Parapan Am Games

Methods Exposure data (temperature, humidity and air pollution) were obtained from Environment Canada for years 2003 to 2010. Using ArcGIS, the geospatial patterns of exposures were described for regions of Ontario hosting Pan Am events. A linear trend was used to forecast expected exposures for Pan Am regions in July 2015. Health outcomes (hospitalizations, emergency department visits and outpatient claims) for all-cause morbidity, asthma, asthma-related conditions, diabetes and hypertension were measured using data provided by the Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences. Associations between exposures and health outcomes were obtained from regression models. Health outcomes were predicted for July 2015 using scenarios of 5% and 10% higher exposure levels than forecasted.